Wednesday, August 22, 2018

Castilian lessons Parte 2 The verbal conjugation

Castilian lessons Parte 2

The verbal conjugation of verbs love and hate.


Hello my dear friends. How are you?.
Today is the best day for teaching you Castilian or Spanish language.
First we must conjugate the verb love,in this way: yo amo or amo = I love. Yo amaré o amaré o Voy a amar or yo voy a amar = I will love.Yo amé o Amé = I loved.Yo he amado or He amado : I have loved. Yo había amado or Había amado = I had loved. Yo hube amado or Hube amado = I had loved.
In Spanish, my brothers,the spelling is very simple,because the words: hube('ube),había (a'bi.a), amado(a'mado),are words with the stress on the antepenultimate syllable,oh yeah!!!.
Theses symbols ' and . belongs to IPA,my beloved IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet).
Remember that,my brothers. 
This symbol '  indicates the stress on the syllable. It stands before the tonic syllable.
Boys and girls this course belongs to my shop,so my explanations must are simple and easy.Yes.
Of course so I write the conjugations for else times and persons: 

Tú amas o Amas = You love. Tú amarás or Amarás = You'll love. Tú amabas or Amabas = You loved. Tú amaste o Amaste = You loved. Él ama or Ama = He loves. Ella ama or Ama = She loves. Él ama or Ama = It loves(neutral gender). Él amará or Amará or Él va a amar or Va a amar = He'll love ( in neutral gender is "It will love"). Ella amará o Amará or Ella va a amar or Va a amar = She'll love. Ella amó or Amó = She loved. Ella ha amado or Ha amado = She has loved. Ella hubo amado or Hubo amado or Ella había amado or Había amado = She had loved. Él había amado or Había amado or Él hubo amado or Hubo amado = He had loved (and in neutral is It had loved). Nosotros amamos (for macho men and both genders) and Nosotras amamos = We love.
 Ustedes aman or ustedes quieren, vosotros/vosotras amáis or vosotros/vosotras queréis = You love (in plural sense)
They love = Ellos aman (for male men and for both genders) and Ellas aman(for women). Nosotras or nosotros amaremos, vamos a amar, Nosotros/Nosotras querremos, Nosotros/Nosotras vamos a querer. (We will love) Ustedes amaran or Amarán or Ustedes van a amar or Van a amar, Vosotros/vosotras amaréis or Amaréis or vosotros/vosotras váis a amar or Váis a amar, Ustedes van a querer or Van a querer or Ustedes querrán or Querrán  Vosotros/Vosotros querréis or Querréis, Vosotros/Vosotras váis a querer or Váis a querer = You'll love.
I know that is too much, but so is the Spanish.
Ellos/Ellas amarán or Amarán, Ellos/Ellas van a amar or Van a amar, Ellos/Ellas querrán or Querrán, Ellos/Ellas van a querer or Van a querer = They'll love.

Verb "odiar" Nosotros/Nosotras odiamos = We hate
Ustedes odian = You hate (in plural sense)
Ellos odian / Ellas Odian / Odian = 
They hate 
Yo odio or Odio = I hate
Tú odias / Odias or Usted odia / Odia = You hate
Él odia or Odia = He hates 
Ella odia or Odia = She hates 
Él odia or Odia (neutral sense) = It hates 
Past times:
Nosotros / Nosotras odiabamos and Nosotros/Nosotras odiamos (in past time sense)
Ustedes odiaban / Odiaban and Ustedes odiaron / Odiaron = You hated (in plural sense)
Ellos odiaban /  Ellas odiaban / Odiaban and Ellos odiaron / Ellas odiaron / Odiaron = They hated
Yo odiaré / Odiaré or Yo voy a odiar / Voy a odiar = I'll hate I'm
Tú odiarás / Odiarás or Tú vas a odiar / Vas a odiar = You'll hate / You're going to hate

Hello people, the spelling rules of Spanish are very easy:

The oxytons (words emphasized in the last syllable) have a graphic accent if they end with the letters N, S or vowels like the words Ají (a'xi): chile.
maní (ma'ni): Peanuts.
Comió (ko'mjo): He
/ She ate.
Lavó (la'βo): He / She washed.
And if they end up with other consonantal letters they will not have a graphic accent. For example :
amar (a'mar): love.
querer (ke'rer): want and love.
Nariz [na'ɾis (pronunciation of Hispano-America) / na'ɾiθ (pronouncement in Spain)]: nose.
barniz (βaɾ'nis)  pronunciation of Hispanic America or βaɾ'niθ in Spain pronouncing): vanish.
reloj (re'lox): clock.
amistad [(amis'tad) Pronunciation from Hispanic America and Spain. (amiʔ'taʔ) Pronunciation from Cuba] : friendship.
But the oxitons words have an hiatus, then they have a g on the ultimate vowel.
For example:
Ahí (a'i): there.
Laúd (la'ud) Pronunciation from Spain and Hispanic America. (la'uʔ) Pronunciation from Cuba.
Freír (fre'iɾ): fry
Reír (re'iɾ) : laugh
Oír (o'iɾ) : hear
Raíz [(ra'is) Pronunciation from Hispanic America
 (ra'iθ) Pronunciation from Spain
(ra'iʔ) Pronunciation from Cuba]: root
But if they have an hiatus of two "open vowels" (A E and O) then they haven't graphic accent:
Caer (ka'eɾ) : fall
Leer (le'eɾ) : read
Incoar (inko'aɾ) : initiate.
And if they end up with a consonantal letter and S, then they haven't graphic accent:
Robots (ro'βots) : Robots (in Spanish the plural of robot is robots yet. It doesn't say "robotes" , not yet).

Paroxytones
Paroxytones are the words stressed on the penultimate syllable. When the words end up with the letters S, N or vowel, then they haven't graphic accent.  For example: casas ('kasas): houses.
perros ('peros) Pronunciation from Hispanic America and Spain. ('pexos) Pronunciation from Puerto Rico: dogs.
antena (an'tena): antenna.
sapo ('sapo): frog.
excepciones [(eks.sep.'sjones / eksep'sjones) pronounciations from Hispanic America. (eʔseʔ'sjoneʔ) Pronunciation from Cuba and Puerto Rico. (eks.θep'θjones) pronunciation from Spain]: exceptions.
But if they end up with other consonants then they have a graphic accent, like how words: ágil ('axil): agile.
catéter (ka'teter) : catheter.
cénit [('senit) Pronunciation from Hispanic America.
('θenit) pronunciation from Spain]: apogee.
césped [('sesped) Pronunciation from Hispanic America. ('sespeʔ) Pronunciation from Cuba and Puerto Rico. ('θesped) Pronunciation from Spain]: grass, lawn.
And if they end up with vowel, but they have an hiatus of closed vowel ( I or U on the penultimate syllable) with open vowel (A, E and O on the ultimate syllable) or an hiatus of closed vowel (U or I on the antepenultimate syllable) with closed vowel ( I or U on the penultimate syllable) and open vowel on the penultimate syllable ( A, E or O on the ultimate syllable), then they have graphic accent on the penultimate vowel, for example:
 Comía (ko'mi.a) : He / she ate.
Sabía (sa'bi.a) : he/she knew.
Tenía (te'ni.a): he/she had.
And if the paroxytones end up with some consonant and S then they must have graphic accent. For example: bíceps ('biseps): biceps.
tríceps ('triseps): triceps.

Proparoxytones (words stressed on the antepenultimate syllable,  words  stressed on the fourth last syllable and words stressed on the five last syllable) have ever a graphic accent if they are stressed on the antepenultimate syllable; for example:
Andrógino (an'droxino) : Androgyne
Misógino (mi'soxino) : mysoginist
Ganátelo [(ga'natelo) Argentinian and Uruguayan pronunciation] : win it
Estíralo (es'tiralo) : stretch it

But if they have the forth last stressed syllable or the five last stressed syllable, so have graphic accent if the adjective has graphic accent (because these adverbs are the joining of an adjective and suffix "mente". If the adjective has graphic accent then the derived adverb has graphic accent too. But if the adjective hasn't a graphic accent then adverbs has not graphic accent, so for example:
Evidentemente (eβi'dentemente is evidently) from evidente and mente, has not graphic accent, because the adjective "evidente" has not graphic accent.  Salvajemente (sal'βaxemente is wildly) from salvaje and mente too not. But ágilmente ('axilmente is nimbly) from ágil and mente, canónicamente (ka'nonikamente is canonically) from canónica and mente, lógicamente (lo'xikamente, is  logically) from lógica and mente have a graphic accent, because their adjectives have a graphic accent.




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